�������� Urbanization of society is part of the development process .However, a growing number
of cities are showing symptoms of environmental and socioeconomic stress. In many parts of
the world especially in the South, urbanization was rapid in the past few decades but it was
not planned properly, thus producing unorganized-infrastucture cluster of communities rather
than� proper ones. Without careful attention to the creation of sustainable human settlements,
the goals of sustainability will be impossible to realize. Extension of cities often results in loss
of agricultural area, greenbelts, natural ecosystems and animal habitats. It also deplete
resources from and transfer of wastes to rural areas.� While surrounding indigenous cultures
are altered as a consequence of urban lifestyles, inside the city itself poverty increases and
overpopulation localizes. Existing facilities are unable to serve influx of immigrants who hope
for job opportunities and better lives in the city which their native land as well, with originally
low resources endowed, failed to provide sufficient yields. Many amenity are overburdened,
hence quality and quantity of services decline. For poor countries, the probability to get
unfuntional facilities replaced or at least get them refurbished is quixotic since such public
facilities require a lump sum of fiscal. Where the country cannot provide basic needs to
sustain the poor adequately, it is irrational to ask for a loan to construct new transportation
option in the city as far as the current ones still move. In contrary, rich countries have never
decelerated their modern development. Innovation per se is precious but decent
implementation is prior. While current technology and facilities is proper enough, Upgrading
to obtain higher performance may lead to wasteful consumption of resources unless it is the
energy optimization technology. Thus despite of its small population, urbanization as such
consumes a vast amount of resources, unfortunately speaking, in an inefficient manner. |